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Using quotation marks in direct speech, titles and quotations.
Practice: build the sentences →Quotation marks are used to identify direct speech, quoted material, and certain titles or words discussed as words depending on style.
English commonly uses double quotation marks for direct quotations, with single quotation marks used inside quotations or according to regional style.
She said, "I am ready."
Она сказала: «Я готова».
Double quotation marks enclose direct speech.
He said, 'I heard her say "Wait."'
Он сказал: «Я слышал, как она сказала: „Подожди“».
Single quotation marks may be used for the outer quotation in British style.
The word "however" is a conjunction.
Слово «however» — это союз.
Quotation marks can identify a word discussed as a word.
I read "The Tell-Tale Heart" yesterday.
Я вчера прочитал «Сердце-обличитель».
Quotation marks are used for shorter works like short stories.
He is a "professional" in the sarcastic sense.
Он «профессионал» в саркастическом смысле.
Quotation marks can signal irony or special meaning.
Double quotation marks are commonly used to enclose direct quotations in American English and in many international styles.
For example, She said, "I am ready."
She said, "I am ready."
Она сказала: «Я готова».
Double quotation marks enclose direct quotations in American English.
He asked, "Where are you going?"
Он спросил: «Куда ты идёшь?»
The question mark is inside the double quotation marks.
The sign read, "No entry."
На табличке было написано: «Входа нет».
Double quotation marks for quoted text.
She whispered, "I love you."
Она прошептала: «Я люблю тебя».
Double quotation marks for direct speech.
He said, "We need to leave."
Он сказал: «Нам нужно уходить».
Double quotation marks are standard in many styles.
Single quotation marks may be used for direct quotations in British English and are commonly used for quotations inside quotations.
For example, He said, 'I heard her say "Wait."'
He said, 'I heard her say "Wait."'
Он сказал: «Я слышал, как она сказала: „Подожди“».
Single quotation marks for the outer quotation in British style.
She said, "I heard him say 'Wait!'"
Она сказала: «Я слышала, как он сказал: „Подожди!“»
Single quotation marks for a quotation inside a quotation.
He replied, 'I will be there soon.'
Он ответил: «Я скоро буду».
Single quotation marks used for direct speech in some British styles.
The teacher said, 'Read the poem "The Road Not Taken".'
Учитель сказал: «Прочитайте стихотворение „Дорога не выбрана“».
Single outer quotation with double inner quotation.
She whispered, 'I love you.'
Она прошептала: «Я люблю тебя».
Single quotation marks can enclose direct speech.
Quotation-mark conventions differ between major English style traditions, especially in the choice between single and double quotation marks.
American styles commonly use double quotation marks first, while many British styles use single quotation marks first.
She said, "I am ready."
Она сказала: «Я готова».
American style uses double quotation marks first.
She said, 'I am ready.'
Она сказала: «Я готова».
British style often uses single quotation marks first.
He said, "I heard her say 'Wait.'"
Он сказал: «Я слышал, как она сказала: „Подожди“».
American style: double outer, single inner.
He said, 'I heard her say "Wait."'
Он сказал: «Я слышал, как она сказала: „Подожди“».
British style: single outer, double inner.
The sign read "No entry." in American style.
На табличке было написано «Входа нет» в американском стиле.
American style places punctuation inside quotation marks.
Quotation marks commonly enclose the exact words spoken by a person.
For example, "I will call you tomorrow," she said.
"I will call you tomorrow," she said.
«Я позвоню тебе завтра», — сказала она.
Quotation marks enclose the exact words spoken.
She said, "I will call you tomorrow."
Она сказала: «Я позвоню тебе завтра».
The reporting clause can come before the quotation.
"Are you ready?" he asked.
«Ты готов?» — спросил он.
The question mark is part of the quotation.
He shouted, "Stop!"
Он крикнул: «Стой!»
The exclamation mark is inside the quotation.
"I am tired," she said.
«Я устала», — сказала она.
Comma separates the quotation from the reporting clause.
A reporting clause can follow direct speech and is punctuated according to the quotation style being used.
For example, "I am tired," she said.
"I am tired," she said.
«Я устала», — сказала она.
The reporting clause follows the quotation.
"Are you ready?" he asked.
«Ты готов?» — спросил он.
Question mark inside quotation, reporting clause follows.
"Stop!" he shouted.
«Стой!» — крикнул он.
Exclamation mark inside quotation, reporting clause follows.
"I will be there," she promised.
«Я буду там», — пообещала она.
Comma inside quotation before reporting clause.
"We should leave," he said.
«Нам следует уйти», — сказал он.
Reporting clause after the quoted sentence.
A reporting clause can introduce direct speech before the quoted words.
For example, She said, "I am tired."
She said, "I am tired."
Она сказала: «Я устала».
The reporting clause introduces the quotation.
He asked, "Where are you going?"
Он спросил: «Куда ты идёшь?»
Reporting clause before the quotation.
She whispered, "I love you."
Она прошептала: «Я люблю тебя».
Reporting clause before the quoted speech.
He shouted, "Stop!"
Он крикнул: «Стой!»
Reporting clause before the exclamation.
The teacher said, "Open your books."
Учитель сказал: «Откройте книги».
Reporting clause before the command.
A reporting clause can interrupt a single sentence of direct speech and the punctuation depends on whether the sentence continues.
For example, "I think," she said, "we should leave now."
"I think," she said, "we should leave now."
«Я думаю, — сказала она, — нам следует уйти сейчас».
The reporting clause interrupts the quotation.
"The problem is," he explained, "we have no time."
«Проблема в том, — объяснил он, — что у нас нет времени».
Reporting clause between parts of the quotation.
"If you ask me," she said, "it is a bad idea."
«Если ты меня спросишь, — сказала она, — это плохая идея».
The quotation is split by the reporting clause.
"I was going to say," he began, "that I agree."
«Я собирался сказать, — начал он, — что я согласен».
Reporting clause interrupts the sentence.
"Well," she said, "that changes everything."
«Ну, — сказала она, — это всё меняет».
The reporting clause is between two parts of the quotation.
A complete direct quotation normally begins with a capital letter when it forms a complete sentence.
For example, He said, "We are ready."
He said, "We are ready."
Он сказал: «Мы готовы».
The direct quotation begins with a capital letter.
"I am tired," she said.
«Я устала», — сказала она.
The quotation begins with a capital "I".
She asked, "Where are you going?"
Она спросила: «Куда ты идёшь?»
The quotation begins with a capital "W".
He shouted, "Stop!"
Он крикнул: «Стой!»
The quotation begins with a capital "S".
The sign read, "No entry."
На табличке было написано: «Входа нет».
The quotation begins with a capital "N".
A quoted fragment incorporated into a larger grammatical sentence does not necessarily begin with a capital letter.
For example, The word "ready" appears in the sentence.
The word "ready" appears in the sentence.
Слово «ready» встречается в предложении.
A quoted fragment does not begin with a capital letter.
She described the result as "unexpected".
Она описала результат как «неожиданный».
The quoted fragment is integrated into the sentence.
He called the plan "a good idea".
Он назвал план «хорошей идеей».
The fragment is not a complete sentence.
The author uses the term "discourse marker".
Автор использует термин «дискурсивный маркер».
Quoted term within a sentence.
She said the word "yes" quietly.
Она тихо сказала слово «да».
A single word is quoted without capitalization.
Quotation marks identify wording presented as an exact quotation rather than a paraphrase.
For example, The report states, "The system is unavailable."
The report states, "The system is unavailable."
В отчёте говорится: «Система недоступна».
Quotation marks indicate exact wording.
She said, "I will be there at noon."
Она сказала: «Я буду там в полдень».
The exact words are quoted.
He wrote, "The results are significant."
Он написал: «Результаты значимы».
Quotation marks for exact written words.
The manual says, "Press the green button."
В руководстве сказано: «Нажмите зелёную кнопку».
Exact instructions are quoted.
She asked, "Can you help me?"
Она спросила: «Ты можешь мне помочь?»
The exact question is quoted.
Quotation marks should generally not be used around paraphrased material when the wording is not presented as exact.
For example, The report says that the system is unavailable does not require quotation marks around the entire paraphrase.
The report says that the system is unavailable.
В отчёте говорится, что система недоступна.
Paraphrase does not require quotation marks.
She said she would be there at noon.
Она сказала, что будет там в полдень.
Indirect speech does not use quotation marks.
He wrote that the results were significant.
Он написал, что результаты значимы.
Paraphrased content is not quoted.
The manual says to press the green button.
В руководстве сказано нажать зелёную кнопку.
Paraphrase of instructions.
She asked if I could help her.
Она спросила, могу ли я ей помочь.
Indirect question, no quotation marks.
Quotation marks may be used for shorter works such as articles, short stories, poems, songs, episodes, and individual chapters depending on the chosen style.
For example, "The Tell-Tale Heart" and "Yesterday."
I read "The Tell-Tale Heart" yesterday.
Я вчера прочитал «Сердце-обличитель».
Quotation marks for a short story title.
She sang "Yesterday" at the concert.
Она спела «Yesterday» на концерте.
Quotation marks for a song title.
The article "Climate Change" was published.
Статья «Изменение климата» была опубликована.
Quotation marks for an article title.
We studied the poem "The Road Not Taken".
Мы изучали стихотворение «Дорога не выбрана».
Quotation marks for a poem title.
The episode "The Rains of Castamere" is famous.
Эпизод «Дожди Кастамере» известен.
Quotation marks for a TV episode title.
Style guides generally use quotation marks for shorter works and italics for larger independent works, although exact conventions vary by style.
For example, an article title may use quotation marks while a book title may be italicized.
I read "The Tell-Tale Heart" yesterday.
Я вчера прочитал «Сердце-обличитель».
Quotation marks for a short story.
I read The Great Gatsby last month.
Я в прошлом месяце прочитал «Великого Гэтсби».
Italics for a book title (represented in plain text).
She sang "Yesterday" at the concert.
Она спела «Yesterday» на концерте.
Quotation marks for a song title.
We watched the film Casablanca.
Мы смотрели фильм «Касабланка».
Italics for a film title.
The article "Climate Change" was published.
Статья «Изменение климата» была опубликована.
Quotation marks for an article.
Quotation marks can identify a word or expression being discussed rather than used for its ordinary meaning, although italics are also common in formal writing.
For example, The word "however" is a conjunction.
The word "however" is a conjunction.
Слово «however» — это союз.
Quotation marks identify a word being discussed.
The term "discourse marker" is used in linguistics.
Термин «дискурсивный маркер» используется в лингвистике.
Quotation marks around a term.
He wrote the word "yes" on the board.
Он написал слово «да» на доске.
Quotation marks for a word as a word.
The phrase "in spite of" is a preposition.
Фраза «in spite of» — это предлог.
Quotation marks for a phrase being discussed.
What does the word "ubuntu" mean?
Что означает слово «ubuntu»?
Quotation marks for a foreign word.
Quotation marks can signal that a word is being used ironically, skeptically, or with a special meaning.
For example, He is a "professional" in the sarcastic sense.
He is a "professional" in the sarcastic sense.
Он «профессионал» в саркастическом смысле.
Quotation marks signal irony.
The company described the change as a "temporary" measure.
Компания описала изменение как «временную» меру.
Quotation marks indicate the term is someone else's wording.
She gave me a "friendly" warning.
Она дала мне «дружеское» предупреждение.
Quotation marks signal skepticism.
His "help" made things worse.
Его «помощь» сделала хуже.
Quotation marks indicate ironic use.
The "expert" had no idea what he was talking about.
«Эксперт» понятия не имел, о чём говорит.
Quotation marks show distance from the term.
When double quotation marks enclose a quotation, a quotation within it commonly uses single quotation marks.
For example, She said, "I heard him say 'Wait!'"
She said, "I heard him say 'Wait!'"
Она сказала: «Я слышала, как он сказал: „Подожди!“»
Single quotation marks inside double quotation marks.
He replied, "She told me 'I am ready'."
Он ответил: «Она сказала мне: „Я готова“».
Single quotation marks for the inner quotation.
The teacher said, "Read the poem 'The Road Not Taken'."
Учитель сказал: «Прочитайте стихотворение „Дорога не выбрана“».
Single quotation marks inside double for a title.
She whispered, "He said 'I love you'."
Она прошептала: «Он сказал: „Я люблю тебя“».
Single quotation marks for quoted speech within a quotation.
He asked, "Did she say 'yes'?"
Он спросил: «Она сказала „да“?»
Single quotation marks around a quoted word.
When single quotation marks are used for the outer quotation, double quotation marks can mark a quotation inside it.
For example, He said, 'I heard her say "Wait!"'
He said, 'I heard her say "Wait!"'
Он сказал: «Я слышал, как она сказала: „Подожди!“»
Double quotation marks inside single quotation marks.
She replied, 'He told me "I am ready".'
Она ответила: «Он сказал мне: „Я готова“».
Double quotation marks for the inner quotation.
The teacher said, 'Read the poem "The Road Not Taken".'
Учитель сказал: «Прочитайте стихотворение „Дорога не выбрана“».
Double quotation marks inside single for a title.
She whispered, 'He said "I love you".'
Она прошептала: «Он сказал: „Я люблю тебя“».
Double quotation marks for quoted speech within a quotation.
He asked, 'Did she say "yes"?'
Он спросил: «Она сказала „да“?»
Double quotation marks around a quoted word.
Placement of commas, full stops, and other punctuation relative to quotation marks varies by regional and style conventions.
American style commonly places commas and full stops inside closing quotation marks, while British practice may place punctuation according to whether it belongs to the quoted material.
She said, "I am ready."
Она сказала: «Я готова».
American style places the full stop inside the quotation marks.
She said, 'I am ready'.
Она сказала: «Я готова».
British style may place the full stop outside if it is not part of the quotation.
He asked, "Are you ready?"
Он спросил: «Ты готов?»
Question mark inside the quotation because it belongs to the quoted question.
Did she say, "I am ready"?
Она сказала: «Я готова»?
Question mark outside because the surrounding sentence is the question.
He shouted, "Stop!"
Он крикнул: «Стой!»
Exclamation mark inside because it belongs to the quotation.
A question mark is placed according to whether the question belongs to the quoted material or to the surrounding sentence.
For example, She asked, "Where are you?" versus Did she really say "I am ready"?
She asked, "Where are you?"
Она спросила: «Ты где?»
Question mark inside because the quotation is a question.
Did she really say "I am ready"?
Она действительно сказала «Я готова»?
Question mark outside because the surrounding sentence is a question.
He asked, "Are you coming?"
Он спросил: «Ты идёшь?»
Question mark inside the quotation.
Did he say, "I will be there"?
Он сказал: «Я буду там»?
Question mark outside the quotation.
She asked, "Can you help me?"
Она спросила: «Ты можешь мне помочь?»
Question mark inside because it is part of the quotation.
An exclamation mark is placed according to whether the quoted material itself is exclamatory or the surrounding sentence is.
For example, He shouted, "Stop!" versus Did he really say "Stop"?
He shouted, "Stop!"
Он крикнул: «Стой!»
Exclamation mark inside because the quotation is exclamatory.
Did he really say "Stop"?
Он действительно сказал «Стой»?
Exclamation mark omitted; question mark outside.
She yelled, "Look out!"
Она закричала: «Берегись!»
Exclamation mark inside the quotation.
Did she say, "I am ready"?
Она сказала: «Я готова»?
Question mark outside, no exclamation.
He screamed, "Help!"
Он закричал: «Помогите!»
Exclamation mark inside because it belongs to the quotation.
The position of a full stop relative to quotation marks depends on the style convention and whether it belongs to the quotation or the surrounding sentence.
For example, American style commonly writes "He left." while British styles may write "He left". when the full stop is not part of the quoted material.
He said, "I am leaving."
Он сказал: «Я ухожу».
American style: full stop inside the quotation marks.
He said, 'I am leaving'.
Он сказал: «Я ухожу».
British style: full stop outside if it is not part of the quotation.
She said, "I will call you tomorrow."
Она сказала: «Я позвоню тебе завтра».
Full stop inside the quotation in American style.
She said, 'I will call you tomorrow'.
Она сказала: «Я позвоню тебе завтра».
Full stop outside in British style.
The sign read, "No entry."
На табличке было написано: «Входа нет».
American style: full stop inside.
Quotation marks can distinguish spoken dialogue from narration in prose.
For example, "Are you ready?" John asked.
"Are you ready?" John asked.
«Ты готов?» — спросил Джон.
Quotation marks distinguish dialogue from narration.
"I am tired," she said.
«Я устала», — сказала она.
Dialogue is enclosed in quotation marks.
He replied, "I will be there soon."
Он ответил: «Я скоро буду».
Reporting clause introduces the dialogue.
"Stop!" she shouted.
«Стой!» — крикнула она.
Exclamation mark inside the quotation.
"Where are you going?" he asked.
«Куда ты идёшь?» — спросил он.
Question mark inside the quotation.
In conventional prose dialogue, a new speaker normally begins a new paragraph.
This makes it clear who is speaking even when quotation marks and reporting clauses are used.
"Are you ready?" John asked.
«Ты готов?» — спросил Джон.
New speaker begins a new paragraph in dialogue.
"I am tired," she said.
«Я устала», — сказала она.
Each new speaker starts a new paragraph.
He replied, "I will be there soon."
Он ответил: «Я скоро буду».
Dialogue continues with a new paragraph for the next speaker.
"Stop!" she shouted.
«Стой!» — крикнула она.
New speaker, new paragraph.
"Where are you going?" he asked.
«Куда ты идёшь?» — спросил он.
Paragraph break clarifies speaker change.
Academic writing uses quotation marks for exact borrowed wording and normally requires appropriate citation according to the chosen style.
Quoted wording should be distinguishable from the writer's own paraphrase and analysis.
The author states, "The results were inconclusive."
Автор утверждает: «Результаты были неубедительными».
Quotation marks for exact borrowed wording.
According to Smith (2020), "the data supports the hypothesis."
Согласно Смиту (2020), «данные подтверждают гипотезу».
Quotation marks with citation.
The study describes the effect as "unexpected".
В исследовании эффект описывается как «неожиданный».
Short quotation integrated into the sentence.
Jones argues that "further research is required".
Джонс утверждает, что «требуется дальнейшее исследование».
Quotation marks around exact words.
The report notes, "The sample was too small."
В отчёте отмечается: «Выборка была слишком маленькой».
Quotation marks for a complete quoted sentence.
Short quotations can usually be integrated into the surrounding sentence with quotation marks.
For example, The author describes the result as "unexpected."
The author describes the result as "unexpected."
Автор описывает результат как «неожиданный».
Short quotation integrated into the sentence.
She called the plan "a good idea".
Она назвала план «хорошей идеей».
Short quotation within a sentence.
He said the system was "unavailable".
Он сказал, что система «недоступна».
Short quoted word.
The report calls the change "temporary".
В отчёте изменение называется «временным».
Short quotation integrated.
She described the experience as "life-changing".
Она описала опыт как «меняющий жизнь».
Short quoted phrase.
Long quotations are often formatted as block quotations rather than enclosed in ordinary quotation marks, depending on style.
Academic and publishing styles may use indentation and separate formatting for longer quotations.
The report states: The system was unavailable for several hours. Users were unable to access their accounts. The issue was resolved after the servers were restarted.
В отчёте говорится: Система была недоступна в течение нескольких часов. Пользователи не могли получить доступ к своим аккаунтам. Проблема была решена после перезапуска серверов.
Long quotation formatted as a block quotation without quotation marks.
As Smith (2020) explains: The data clearly shows a correlation between the two variables. However, causation cannot be established from this study alone.
Как объясняет Смит (2020): Данные явно показывают корреляцию между двумя переменными. Однако причинно-следственная связь не может быть установлена только на основе этого исследования.
Block quotation indented and without quotation marks.
The manual says: Press the green button to start the machine. Wait for the light to turn off. Then open the door.
В руководстве сказано: Нажмите зелёную кнопку, чтобы запустить машину. Дождитесь, пока погаснет свет. Затем откройте дверь.
Block quotation for longer instructions.
The author writes: It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness.
Автор пишет: Это было лучшее из времён, это было худшее из времён, это был век мудрости, это был век глупости.
Block quotation from a literary work.
The study concludes: Further research is needed to confirm these findings. The sample size was limited, and the results may not be generalizable.
В исследовании делается вывод: Необходимы дальнейшие исследования для подтверждения этих выводов. Размер выборки был ограничен, и результаты могут быть необобщаемыми.
Block quotation in academic writing.
An ellipsis can indicate omitted material within a quotation when the omission is permitted by the relevant style.
For example, "The results ... were significant."
"The results ... were significant."
«Результаты ... были значимыми».
Ellipsis indicates omitted material within a quotation.
The author writes, "The data ... supports the hypothesis."
Автор пишет: «Данные ... подтверждают гипотезу».
Ellipsis shows omitted words.
She said, "I was going to ... but I changed my mind."
Она сказала: «Я собиралась ... но передумала».
Ellipsis marks an omission in the quotation.
The report notes, "The system was unavailable ... for several hours."
В отчёте отмечается: «Система была недоступна ... в течение нескольких часов».
Ellipsis replaces omitted text.
He wrote, "The plan ... will require additional funding."
Он написал: «План ... потребует дополнительного финансирования».
Ellipsis shows omitted material.
Square brackets can indicate inserted or modified material within a quotation when required for grammatical or contextual clarity.
For example, "She [the manager] approved the request."
"She [the manager] approved the request."
«Она [менеджер] одобрила запрос».
Square brackets indicate inserted material.
The author states, "The results [of the study] were inconclusive."
Автор утверждает: «Результаты [исследования] были неубедительными».
Square brackets clarify the quotation.
He said, "I [have] always supported the plan."
Он сказал: «Я [всегда] поддерживал план».
Square brackets for grammatical modification.
The report notes, "The system [was] unavailable for hours."
В отчёте отмечается: «Система [была] недоступна часами».
Square brackets for inserted words.
She wrote, "The data [does] not support the conclusion."
Она написала: «Данные [не] подтверждают вывод».
Square brackets for grammatical correction.
The notation sic can indicate that an unusual or erroneous form is reproduced exactly from the source.
For example, a quoted error may be followed by [sic] when the writer needs to make clear that the error belongs to the source.
The note read, "Their going to the store [sic]."
В записке было написано: «Their going to the store [sic]».
[sic] indicates the error is in the original.
He wrote, "The results are definately [sic] significant."
Он написал: «Результаты, безусловно [sic], значимы».
[sic] marks a spelling error from the source.
The sign said, "No parking on Sundays [sic]."
На табличке было написано: «No parking on Sundays [sic]».
[sic] indicates the unusual wording is from the original.
She wrote, "I could of [sic] helped."
Она написала: «I could of [sic] helped».
[sic] marks a grammatical error in the original.
The article states, "The affect [sic] was immediate."
В статье сказано: «The affect [sic] was immediate».
[sic] indicates the error is reproduced exactly.
Technical writing may use quotation marks to identify exact interface text, commands, strings, or wording, depending on the documentation convention.
For example, Select "Settings" from the menu.
Select "Settings" from the menu.
Выберите «Настройки» в меню.
Quotation marks identify interface text.
Type "hello" in the command line.
Введите «hello» в командной строке.
Quotation marks for a command string.
Click the "Save" button.
Нажмите кнопку «Сохранить».
Quotation marks for a button label.
Enter your username in the "Username" field.
Введите имя пользователя в поле «Имя пользователя».
Quotation marks for a field label.
The error message reads, "File not found."
Сообщение об ошибке гласит: «Файл не найден».
Quotation marks for exact error text.
Quotation marks can indicate that a term is being reported as someone else's wording rather than endorsed by the writer.
For example, the company described the change as a "temporary" measure.
The company described the change as a "temporary" measure.
Компания описала изменение как «временную» меру.
Quotation marks indicate the term is someone else's wording.
The report calls the policy "successful".
В отчёте политика называется «успешной».
Quotation marks show the term is not endorsed by the writer.
He described the plan as "innovative".
Он описал план как «инновационный».
Quotation marks around a reported term.
The government called the protest "illegal".
Правительство назвало протест «незаконным».
Quotation marks for an alleged term.
She referred to the decision as "regrettable".
Она назвала решение «достойным сожаления».
Quotation marks indicate the term is attributed.
Quotation marks and apostrophes are distinct punctuation marks even though both may contain curved forms in typography.
Quotation marks enclose quoted material, while apostrophes mark possession, contraction, and certain omissions.
She said, "It's my book."
Она сказала: «Это моя книга».
The apostrophe in "It's" is not a quotation mark.
The word "don't" is a contraction.
Слово «don't» — это сокращение.
Apostrophe for contraction inside quotation marks.
He said, "That is John's car."
Он сказал: «Это машина Джона».
Apostrophe for possession inside quotation marks.
The sign read, "No dogs allowed."
На табличке было написано: «С собаками нельзя».
Quotation marks enclose the text; no apostrophe needed.
She said, "The teachers' lounge is closed."
Она сказала: «Учительская закрыта».
Apostrophe for plural possession inside quotation.
Quotation marks in informal digital communication can indicate exact wording, irony, emphasis, or skeptical distance.
For example, He is "helping" us can signal that the writer doubts whether the person is really helping.
He is "helping" us.
Он «помогает» нам.
Quotation marks signal skepticism in informal writing.
That is a "great" idea.
Это «отличная» идея.
Quotation marks indicate irony.
She said she would "try" to come.
Она сказала, что «попытается» прийти.
Quotation marks show doubt about the statement.
He is a "friend" of mine.
Он мой «друг».
Quotation marks indicate distance from the term.
The "meeting" was actually a party.
«Встреча» на самом деле была вечеринкой.
Quotation marks signal ironic use.
Use quotation marks consistently for direct quotations and other intended functions, and follow a single regional or publication style for punctuation placement.
Common mistakes include mixing single and double quotation conventions without reason, using quotation marks around paraphrases, misplacing question marks, confusing quotation marks with apostrophes, and overusing quotation marks for emphasis.
She said, "I am ready."
Она сказала: «Я готова».
Correct: double quotation marks for direct speech.
She said, 'I am ready.'
Она сказала: «Я готова».
Correct: single quotation marks in British style.
The report says that the system is unavailable.
В отчёте говорится, что система недоступна.
Correct: no quotation marks around a paraphrase.
Did she say, "I am ready"?
Она сказала: «Я готова»?
Correct: question mark outside the quotation.
The word "however" is a conjunction.
Слово «however» — это союз.
Correct: quotation marks for a word as a word.