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Verb combinations with objects, complements and clauses.
Verb patterns describe the grammatical structures that may follow a verb.
Different verbs require different complements, such as noun phrases, infinitives, gerunds, clauses or combinations of these.
She opened the window.
Она открыла окно.
"Opened" is followed directly by the noun phrase "the window".
I want to leave now.
Я хочу уйти сейчас.
"Want" is followed by a to-infinitive.
He enjoys playing football.
Он любит играть в футбол.
"Enjoy" is followed by a gerund.
They told us to wait.
Они сказали нам подождать.
"Tell" takes an object followed by a to-infinitive.
You should study more.
Тебе следует больше заниматься.
"Should" is followed by a bare infinitive without "to".
I know what she means.
Я знаю, что она имеет в виду.
"Know" can be followed by a wh-clause beginning with "what".
She explained that she was busy.
Она объяснила, что была занята.
"Explain" can be followed by a that-clause.
He apologized for being late.
Он извинился за опоздание.
"Apologize for" is followed by a gerund.
Some verbs are followed directly by a noun or pronoun object.
Examples include open the door, answer the question and watch television.
Please close the door.
Пожалуйста, закрой дверь.
"Close" is followed directly by the object "the door".
She answered the question.
Она ответила на вопрос.
"Answered" takes the noun phrase "the question" directly as its object.
We watched television after dinner.
Мы смотрели телевизор после ужина.
"Watch" can be followed directly by an object.
I called my brother yesterday.
Я позвонил своему брату вчера.
"Called" is followed directly by the object "my brother".
They built a new house.
Они построили новый дом.
"Built" takes "a new house" directly as its object.
Can you help me?
Ты можешь мне помочь?
"Help" can take the pronoun "me" directly as its object.
He bought a new laptop.
Он купил новый ноутбук.
"Bought" is followed directly by the noun phrase "a new laptop".
She carried the bags upstairs.
Она отнесла сумки наверх.
"Carried" takes "the bags" directly as its object.
Many verbs are followed by a to-infinitive.
Examples include want to leave, decide to stay and hope to win.
I want to go home.
Я хочу пойти домой.
"Want" is followed by a to-infinitive.
She decided to stay.
Она решила остаться.
"Decide" is followed by a to-infinitive.
We hope to win the match.
Мы надеемся выиграть матч.
"Hope" is followed by the to-infinitive "to win".
He plans to study abroad.
Он планирует учиться за границей.
"Plan" is followed by a to-infinitive.
They agreed to help us.
Они согласились помочь нам.
"Agree" is followed by the to-infinitive "to help".
She promised to call later.
Она пообещала позвонить позже.
"Promise" is followed by a to-infinitive.
He needs to finish his homework.
Ему нужно закончить домашнюю работу.
"Need" is followed by a to-infinitive in this pattern.
I would like to order some coffee.
Я хотел бы заказать кофе.
"Would like" is followed by a to-infinitive.
Some verbs are followed by a gerund.
Examples include enjoy reading, avoid making mistakes and finish writing.
I enjoy reading books.
Я люблю читать книги.
"Enjoy" is followed by a gerund.
She avoids eating late at night.
Она избегает есть поздно ночью.
"Avoid" is followed by the gerund "eating".
He finished washing the dishes.
Он закончил мыть посуду.
"Finish" is followed by a gerund.
We discussed moving to another city.
Мы обсудили переезд в другой город.
"Discuss" is followed by the gerund "moving".
She suggested taking a taxi.
Она предложила взять такси.
"Suggest" is followed by a gerund in this pattern.
They keep talking during the lesson.
Они продолжают разговаривать во время урока.
"Keep" is followed by the gerund "talking".
I miss living near the sea.
Я скучаю по жизни у моря.
"Miss" is followed by a gerund.
He admitted making a mistake.
Он признал, что допустил ошибку.
"Admit" is followed by the gerund "making".
Some verbs require an object before a to-infinitive.
Examples include tell someone to wait, persuade somebody to come and encourage students to practise.
She told me to wait.
Она сказала мне подождать.
"Tell" takes an object before the to-infinitive.
He asked us to help him.
Он попросил нас помочь ему.
"Ask" is followed by an object and a to-infinitive.
The teacher encouraged the students to practise.
Учитель поощрял студентов практиковаться.
"Encourage" requires an object before the to-infinitive.
She persuaded him to stay.
Она убедила его остаться.
"Persuade" is followed by an object and a to-infinitive.
My parents allowed me to travel alone.
Мои родители разрешили мне путешествовать одному.
"Allow" takes an object followed by a to-infinitive.
The doctor advised him to rest.
Врач посоветовал ему отдохнуть.
"Advise" can take an object followed by a to-infinitive.
We reminded her to lock the door.
Мы напомнили ей запереть дверь.
"Remind" takes an object before the to-infinitive.
The manager asked everyone to arrive early.
Менеджер попросил всех прийти рано.
"Ask" is followed by the object "everyone" and a to-infinitive.
Some verbs are followed by the infinitive without to.
This pattern occurs after modal verbs and verbs such as let, make and help.
You must leave now.
Ты должен уйти сейчас.
"Must" is followed by the bare infinitive "leave".
She can swim very well.
Она очень хорошо умеет плавать.
"Can" is followed by the bare infinitive "swim".
We should call him.
Нам следует ему позвонить.
"Should" is followed by a bare infinitive.
Let me explain.
Позволь мне объяснить.
"Let" is followed by a bare infinitive.
The joke made everyone laugh.
Шутка заставила всех смеяться.
"Make" is followed by the bare infinitive "laugh".
Can you help me carry these boxes?
Ты можешь помочь мне перенести эти коробки?
"Help" can be followed by a bare infinitive.
You may stay here.
Ты можешь остаться здесь.
"May" is followed by the bare infinitive "stay".
They will arrive tomorrow.
Они приедут завтра.
"Will" is followed by a bare infinitive.
Some verbs require an object followed by the bare infinitive.
Examples include let him go, make her apologize and have someone repair something.
Let him go.
Позволь ему уйти.
"Let" is followed by an object and a bare infinitive.
The teacher made us stay after class.
Учитель заставил нас остаться после занятия.
"Make" takes an object followed by a bare infinitive.
She helped me carry the bags.
Она помогла мне нести сумки.
"Help" can take an object followed by a bare infinitive.
His parents let him choose the restaurant.
Его родители позволили ему выбрать ресторан.
"Let" is followed by the object "him" and the bare infinitive "choose".
The news made her cry.
Эта новость заставила её плакать.
"Make" is followed by an object and a bare infinitive.
The coach made the players run five laps.
Тренер заставил игроков пробежать пять кругов.
"Make" takes the object "the players" before the bare infinitive.
She helped her brother fix the bike.
Она помогла брату починить велосипед.
"Help" can be followed by an object and a bare infinitive.
The manager had the technician check the system.
Менеджер поручил технику проверить систему.
"Have" can take an object followed by a bare infinitive in a causative pattern.
Some verbs are followed by an object and a present participle.
Examples include see someone running, hear someone singing and catch somebody stealing.
I saw him running in the park.
Я видел, как он бежал в парке.
"Saw" is followed by an object and the present participle "running".
We heard someone singing upstairs.
Мы слышали, как кто-то пел наверху.
"Heard" takes an object followed by an -ing form.
She noticed the children playing outside.
Она заметила, как дети играли на улице.
"Noticed" is followed by an object and a present participle.
I caught him looking at my phone.
Я застал его за тем, что он смотрел на мой телефон.
"Caught" takes an object followed by an -ing form.
They found the dog sleeping under the table.
Они обнаружили собаку спящей под столом.
"Found" is followed by an object and a present participle.
He watched the children playing in the garden.
Он наблюдал, как дети играли в саду.
"Watched" can take an object followed by an -ing form.
She felt the ground shaking beneath her feet.
Она почувствовала, как земля дрожала под ногами.
"Felt" is followed by an object and a present participle.
I smelled something burning in the kitchen.
Я почувствовал запах чего-то горящего на кухне.
"Smelled" takes an object followed by the -ing form "burning".
Many verbs are followed by a that-clause.
Examples include believe that..., explain that..., admit that... and suggest that....
I believe that he is honest.
Я считаю, что он честный.
"Believe" can be followed by a that-clause.
She explained that she was tired.
Она объяснила, что устала.
"Explain" can introduce a that-clause.
He admitted that he was wrong.
Он признал, что был неправ.
"Admit" can be followed by a that-clause.
They suggested that we leave early.
Они предложили нам уйти пораньше.
"Suggest" can introduce a that-clause expressing a suggestion.
She said that she needed help.
Она сказала, что ей нужна помощь.
"Say" is commonly followed by a that-clause.
We know that the meeting starts at nine.
Мы знаем, что собрание начинается в девять.
"Know" can be followed by a that-clause.
The report shows that prices are increasing.
Отчёт показывает, что цены растут.
"Show" can be followed by a that-clause.
He promised that he would call me.
Он пообещал, что позвонит мне.
"Promise" can be followed by a that-clause.
Some verbs are followed by clauses beginning with what, why, how, when, where or whether.
Examples include know what to do, explain why and wonder whether.
I know what to do.
Я знаю, что делать.
"Know" can be followed by a wh-clause beginning with "what".
She explained why she was late.
Она объяснила, почему опоздала.
"Explain" can be followed by a clause beginning with "why".
He asked where the station was.
Он спросил, где находится станция.
"Ask" can be followed by an indirect question beginning with "where".
Do you know when the shop opens?
Ты знаешь, когда открывается магазин?
"Know" can introduce an indirect question beginning with "when".
I wonder whether they will come.
Интересно, придут ли они.
"Wonder" can be followed by a clause beginning with "whether".
She showed me how to use the machine.
Она показала мне, как пользоваться машиной.
"Show" can be followed by a wh-clause beginning with "how".
We need to decide where to stay.
Нам нужно решить, где остановиться.
"Decide" can be followed by a wh-clause with "where" and a to-infinitive.
Tell me what you need.
Скажи мне, что тебе нужно.
"Tell" can be followed by an object and a wh-clause.
Many verbs followed by prepositions require a gerund.
Examples include insist on paying, succeed in finding and apologize for arriving late.
She insisted on paying the bill.
Она настояла на том, чтобы оплатить счёт.
"Insist on" is followed by a gerund.
He succeeded in finding a solution.
Ему удалось найти решение.
"Succeed in" is followed by a gerund.
I apologize for arriving late.
Я извиняюсь за опоздание.
"Apologize for" is followed by the gerund "arriving".
They complained about waiting too long.
Они пожаловались на слишком долгое ожидание.
"Complain about" is followed by a gerund.
She believes in working hard.
Она верит в необходимость усердно работать.
"Believe in" is followed by a gerund when referring to an activity.
He is thinking about changing jobs.
Он думает о смене работы.
"Think about" is followed by a gerund.
We talked about moving abroad.
Мы говорили о переезде за границу.
"Talk about" is followed by the gerund "moving".
She apologized for forgetting the appointment.
Она извинилась за то, что забыла о встрече.
"Apologize for" takes a gerund rather than a to-infinitive.
Some verbs require both an object and a particular preposition.
Examples include accuse somebody of something, congratulate somebody on something and remind somebody about something.
They accused him of cheating.
Они обвинили его в жульничестве.
"Accuse" takes an object followed by "of".
We congratulated her on her promotion.
Мы поздравили её с повышением.
"Congratulate" takes an object followed by "on".
Please remind me about the meeting.
Пожалуйста, напомни мне о собрании.
"Remind" can take an object followed by "about".
She blamed him for the mistake.
Она обвинила его в этой ошибке.
"Blame" takes an object followed by "for".
They thanked us for our help.
Они поблагодарили нас за помощь.
"Thank" takes an object followed by "for".
The teacher warned the students about the danger.
Учитель предупредил студентов об опасности.
"Warn" can take an object followed by "about".
She accused her colleague of lying.
Она обвинила своего коллегу во лжи.
"Accuse somebody of something" is the required pattern.
The manager congratulated the team on its success.
Менеджер поздравил команду с её успехом.
"Congratulate somebody on something" is the required pattern.
Some verbs allow both an infinitive and a gerund with little or no change in meaning.
Examples include begin, start, continue and like.
It started to rain.
Начался дождь.
"Start" can be followed by a to-infinitive.
It started raining.
Начался дождь.
"Start" can also be followed by a gerund with little change in meaning.
She began to understand the problem.
Она начала понимать проблему.
"Begin" can be followed by a to-infinitive.
She began understanding the problem.
Она начала понимать проблему.
"Begin" can also be followed by a gerund.
He continued to work after midnight.
Он продолжал работать после полуночи.
"Continue" can be followed by a to-infinitive.
He continued working after midnight.
Он продолжал работать после полуночи.
"Continue" can also be followed by a gerund with little change in meaning.
I like to walk in the morning.
Я люблю гулять по утрам.
"Like" can be followed by a to-infinitive.
I like walking in the morning.
Я люблю гулять по утрам.
"Like" can also be followed by a gerund.
Some verbs change meaning depending on whether they are followed by an infinitive or a gerund.
Important examples include remember, forget, stop, try, regret, go on and mean.
I remember locking the door.
Я помню, что запер дверь.
"Remember" + gerund refers to remembering a past action.
Remember to lock the door.
Не забудь запереть дверь.
"Remember" + to-infinitive refers to remembering something that must be done.
She stopped smoking last year.
Она бросила курить в прошлом году.
"Stop" + gerund means to end an activity.
She stopped to smoke a cigarette.
Она остановилась, чтобы выкурить сигарету.
"Stop" + to-infinitive means to pause one activity in order to do another.
He tried restarting the computer.
Он попробовал перезагрузить компьютер.
"Try" + gerund means to experiment with a possible method.
He tried to restart the computer.
Он попытался перезагрузить компьютер.
"Try" + to-infinitive means to make an effort to do something.
I regret telling her the truth.
Я сожалею, что сказал ей правду.
"Regret" + gerund refers to being sorry about a past action.
We regret to inform you that your application was unsuccessful.
Мы с сожалением сообщаем вам, что ваша заявка не была одобрена.
"Regret" + to-infinitive is commonly used when announcing unpleasant information.
Perception verbs allow several grammatical patterns.
Compare I saw him cross the road with I saw him crossing the road.
I saw him cross the road.
Я видел, как он перешёл дорогу.
"Saw" + object + bare infinitive presents the action as a complete event.
I saw him crossing the road.
Я видел, как он переходил дорогу.
"Saw" + object + -ing focuses on the action in progress.
We heard the baby cry.
Мы слышали, как заплакал ребёнок.
"Hear" + object + bare infinitive presents the event as a whole.
We heard the baby crying.
Мы слышали, как ребёнок плакал.
"Hear" + object + -ing focuses on an action in progress.
She watched the children play in the garden.
Она наблюдала, как дети играли в саду.
"Watch" + object + bare infinitive presents the activity as a complete event.
She watched the children playing in the garden.
Она наблюдала за играющими в саду детьми.
"Watch" + object + -ing emphasizes the activity as it was happening.
I felt the train stop suddenly.
Я почувствовал, как поезд внезапно остановился.
"Feel" + object + bare infinitive presents the event as a whole.
I felt the train shaking beneath me.
Я чувствовал, как поезд дрожал подо мной.
"Feel" + object + -ing focuses on an ongoing physical sensation.
Causative verbs have their own characteristic patterns.
Examples include make somebody do something, have somebody do something and get somebody to do something.
The teacher made the students stay late.
Учитель заставил студентов остаться допоздна.
"Make" takes an object followed by a bare infinitive.
She had the mechanic check the brakes.
Она попросила механика проверить тормоза.
"Have" takes an object followed by a bare infinitive in this causative pattern.
We got him to fix the computer.
Мы уговорили его починить компьютер.
"Get" takes an object followed by a to-infinitive.
The manager made everyone work overtime.
Менеджер заставил всех работать сверхурочно.
"Make" expresses that someone causes another person to do something, using a bare infinitive.
I had my assistant send the documents.
Я поручил своему помощнику отправить документы.
"Have" expresses arranging for someone to perform an action.
She got her brother to drive her to the airport.
Она уговорила брата отвезти её в аэропорт.
"Get somebody to do something" emphasizes persuading or arranging for the person to act.
The film made me cry.
Фильм заставил меня плакать.
"Make" is followed by an object and a bare infinitive.
We got the contractor to repair the roof.
Мы добились того, чтобы подрядчик отремонтировал крышу.
"Get" requires the to-infinitive in this causative pattern.
Reporting verbs allow different complement structures.
Examples include admit doing, promise to do, recommend doing and explain that....
She admitted making a mistake.
Она признала, что допустила ошибку.
"Admit" can be followed by a gerund.
He promised to help us.
Он пообещал помочь нам.
"Promise" is followed by a to-infinitive.
I recommend taking the train.
Я рекомендую поехать на поезде.
"Recommend" can be followed by a gerund.
She explained that the meeting had been cancelled.
Она объяснила, что собрание было отменено.
"Explain" can be followed by a that-clause.
He refused to answer the question.
Он отказался отвечать на вопрос.
"Refuse" is followed by a to-infinitive.
They denied taking the money.
Они отрицали, что взяли деньги.
"Deny" is followed by a gerund, not a to-infinitive.
The witness claimed that he had seen nothing.
Свидетель заявил, что ничего не видел.
"Claim" can introduce a that-clause.
She offered to drive us home.
Она предложила отвезти нас домой.
"Offer" is followed by a to-infinitive.
Some verb patterns include passive infinitives.
Examples include expect to be invited and want the work to be finished.
She expects to be invited.
Она ожидает, что её пригласят.
"To be invited" is a passive infinitive.
He wants the work to be finished today.
Он хочет, чтобы работа была закончена сегодня.
"The work to be finished" contains a passive infinitive after an object.
They hope to be selected for the team.
Они надеются, что их выберут в команду.
"To be selected" expresses a passive action.
I would like the report to be completed by Friday.
Я хотел бы, чтобы отчёт был завершён к пятнице.
"The report to be completed" uses an object plus a passive infinitive.
She expects her application to be accepted.
Она ожидает, что её заявление будет принято.
"Her application to be accepted" is an object followed by a passive infinitive.
We need the problem to be solved quickly.
Нам нужно, чтобы проблема была быстро решена.
"The problem to be solved" contains a passive infinitive.
He was pleased to be offered the position.
Он был рад, что ему предложили эту должность.
"To be offered" is a passive infinitive following an adjective.
The documents are expected to be signed tomorrow.
Ожидается, что документы будут подписаны завтра.
"To be signed" is a passive infinitive used after a passive reporting construction.
Perfect infinitives refer to actions completed before another point in time.
Examples include seem to have forgotten and appear to have left.
She seems to have forgotten my name.
Кажется, она забыла моё имя.
"To have forgotten" is a perfect infinitive referring to an earlier action.
He appears to have left already.
Похоже, он уже ушёл.
"To have left" shows that the leaving happened before the apparent conclusion.
They seem to have misunderstood the instructions.
Похоже, они неправильно поняли инструкции.
"To have misunderstood" refers to a completed action before the present assessment.
She claims to have seen the suspect before.
Она утверждает, что раньше видела подозреваемого.
"To have seen" refers to an earlier experience.
He is believed to have stolen the money.
Считается, что он украл деньги.
"To have stolen" marks the alleged action as earlier than the reporting.
The company is thought to have lost several major clients.
Считается, что компания потеряла нескольких крупных клиентов.
"To have lost" refers to an earlier event inferred in the present.
She pretended to have forgotten the conversation.
Она притворилась, что забыла разговор.
"To have forgotten" indicates that the forgetting supposedly happened before the pretending.
He was lucky to have escaped unharmed.
Ему повезло, что он спасся невредимым.
"To have escaped" refers to an event completed before the evaluation "was lucky".
Dictionaries indicate the grammatical patterns allowed by each verb.
Learning dictionary notation helps learners use verbs accurately.
The dictionary says that "avoid" is followed by a gerund.
В словаре сказано, что после "avoid" используется герундий.
Dictionary pattern information helps identify that "avoid" takes an -ing form.
The dictionary lists "decide to do something" as a pattern.
В словаре указана модель "decide to do something".
The notation "decide to do something" shows that "decide" takes a to-infinitive.
The entry gives "depend on something" as the verb pattern.
В словарной статье указана модель "depend on something".
The pattern shows that "depend" requires the preposition "on".
The dictionary gives "suggest doing something" as one possible pattern.
В словаре указана модель "suggest doing something" как один из вариантов.
The notation identifies a gerund pattern after "suggest".
The entry for "persuade" shows "persuade somebody to do something".
В статье для "persuade" указана модель "persuade somebody to do something".
The pattern shows that "persuade" requires an object before the to-infinitive.
The dictionary marks "explain something to somebody" as a common pattern.
В словаре модель "explain something to somebody" отмечена как распространённая.
The pattern shows the complement structure required by "explain".
The entry distinguishes "remember doing something" from "remember to do something".
В словарной статье различаются модели "remember doing something" и "remember to do something".
Dictionary notation can show patterns that carry different meanings.
Checking the pattern for "recommend" helps prevent the error "recommend to take".
Проверка модели для "recommend" помогает избежать ошибки "recommend to take".
Dictionary pattern information can prevent incorrect complement choices.
Every verb licenses a particular set of complements.
Valency explains why some verbs require objects, clauses or infinitives while others do not.
She arrived early.
Она приехала рано.
"Arrive" can be used without a direct object.
She opened the window.
Она открыла окно.
"Open" licenses a direct object such as "the window".
He gave me a book.
Он дал мне книгу.
"Give" can license two objects: an indirect object and a direct object.
They put the keys on the table.
Они положили ключи на стол.
"Put" requires an object and a locative complement in this use.
She persuaded him to stay.
Она убедила его остаться.
"Persuade" licenses an object followed by a to-infinitive.
He depends on his parents.
Он зависит от своих родителей.
"Depend" requires the preposition "on" before its complement.
She explained the problem to me.
Она объяснила мне проблему.
"Explain" allows a noun phrase followed by a "to"-phrase.
He encouraged the team to continue.
Он побудил команду продолжить.
"Encourage" licenses an object followed by a to-infinitive.
Some verb patterns are more common in formal or informal English.
Choosing the appropriate pattern improves style and naturalness.
We need to find a solution.
Нам нужно найти решение.
"Need to" is common and natural in ordinary conversation.
We need to identify an appropriate solution.
Нам необходимо определить подходящее решение.
"Need to identify" is suitable for both neutral and formal contexts.
They decided to put off the meeting.
Они решили отложить собрание.
"Put off" is an informal phrasal verb meaning postpone.
They decided to postpone the meeting.
Они решили отложить собрание.
"Postpone" is more formal than the phrasal verb "put off".
The report says that sales have increased.
В отчёте говорится, что продажи выросли.
"Says that" is natural in neutral English.
The report indicates that sales have increased.
В отчёте указывается, что продажи выросли.
"Indicates that" is more formal and analytical.
The study shows that the treatment works.
Исследование показывает, что лечение работает.
"Shows that" is neutral and widely used in general writing.
The study demonstrates that the treatment is effective.
Исследование демонстрирует эффективность лечения.
"Demonstrates that" is more formal and characteristic of academic writing.
Modern corpora reveal which verb patterns are most common.
Frequency information helps learners prioritize the most useful constructions.
I enjoy reading before bed.
Я люблю читать перед сном.
The pattern "enjoy + gerund" is a common English construction.
She decided to leave early.
Она решила уйти рано.
The pattern "decide + to-infinitive" is frequent in general English.
They suggested taking a taxi.
Они предложили взять такси.
Corpus evidence shows that "suggest + gerund" is a common pattern.
He explained that the system was down.
Он объяснил, что система не работала.
"Explain + that-clause" is a frequent reporting pattern.
She insisted on paying the bill.
Она настояла на том, чтобы оплатить счёт.
"Insist on + gerund" is an established verb-preposition pattern.
He persuaded me to change my mind.
Он убедил меня изменить своё мнение.
"Persuade + object + to-infinitive" is a frequent complement pattern.
We avoided making the same mistake.
Мы избежали повторения той же ошибки.
"Avoid + gerund" is a common pattern that learners should prioritize.
The company expects to increase production next year.
Компания ожидает увеличить производство в следующем году.
"Expect + to-infinitive" is a frequent pattern in professional English.
Verb patterns vary greatly across languages.
Learners should avoid translating verb patterns directly from their native language.
She suggested taking a taxi.
Она предложила взять такси.
"Suggest" is normally followed by a gerund in this pattern, not "to take".
He explained the problem to me.
Он объяснил мне проблему.
"Explain" takes the person in a "to"-phrase in this structure.
She asked me to wait.
Она попросила меня подождать.
"Ask" uses an object before the to-infinitive in this pattern.
He depends on his parents.
Он зависит от своих родителей.
"Depend" requires the preposition "on", which should be learned as part of the pattern.
I am looking forward to seeing you.
Я с нетерпением жду встречи с тобой.
"Look forward to" is followed by a gerund because "to" is a preposition here.
They discussed moving to another city.
Они обсудили переезд в другой город.
"Discuss" is followed directly by a gerund; it does not normally take "about" in this pattern.
She told me that she was tired.
Она сказала мне, что устала.
"Tell" normally takes a personal object before a that-clause.
He said that he was tired.
Он сказал, что устал.
"Say" normally introduces the content directly, without the personal object used with "tell".
Choose the verb pattern required by each verb.
Common mistakes include confusing infinitives and gerunds, omitting required objects, using incorrect prepositions and selecting the wrong clause type.
I enjoy reading books.
Я люблю читать книги.
"Enjoy" is followed by a gerund, not a to-infinitive.
She decided to leave early.
Она решила уйти рано.
"Decide" is followed by a to-infinitive, not a gerund.
He told me to wait outside.
Он сказал мне подождать снаружи.
"Tell" requires an object before the to-infinitive.
She explained the problem to me.
Она объяснила мне проблему.
"Explain" does not normally take a personal object directly before the noun phrase; use "to me" in this pattern.
They suggested taking a taxi.
Они предложили взять такси.
"Suggest" is followed by a gerund in this pattern, not "to take".
She is interested in learning English.
Она заинтересована в изучении английского.
"Interested in" is followed by a gerund because "in" is a preposition.
He made me apologize.
Он заставил меня извиниться.
"Make" takes an object followed by a bare infinitive, not a to-infinitive.
I remember locking the door.
Я помню, что запер дверь.
"Remember + gerund" refers to remembering a past action, while "remember + to-infinitive" refers to remembering something that needs to be done.